No study has determined the concentration of propofol producing a degree of hypnosis compatible with anaesthesia in children. As a result, concentrations determined in adults are recommended for children. As this can result in an inadequate depth of anaesthesia, we determined the predicted effect site concentration (C(e)) of propofol necessary to obtain a bispectral index (BIS) of 50 in 50% (EC(e50)) of children and adults. METHODS: Twenty adults (aged 33-44 years) and 20 children (aged 3-11 years) undergoing surgery under general anaesthesia were studied. All were monitored with a BIS monitor, and a target controlled infusion of propofol aiming for a constant C(e) value was started. After 10 min, patients were evaluated using a sedation scale, and the last 5 min was used to determine the mean BIS for this C(e) value. The C(e) value of propofol was defined using the up-and-down method of Dixon and Massey. The first patient in each group received C(e)= 6 microg/ml; thereafter, it was modified in 0.5 microg/ml decrements/increments with positive or negative responses, respectively. A positive response was BIS < 50 and a negative response was BIS > or = 50. The EC(e50) value was compared using unpaired Student's t-test. The prediction probability (P(K)) was used to study the association between BIS and the sedation score. RESULTS: The mean EC(e50) (95% confidence interval) values were 3.75 microg/ml (2.97-4.75 microg/ml) in adults and 3.65 microg/ml (3.36-3.96 microg/ml) in children (not significant). All patients with BIS < 50 were unarousable with tactile stimulation. The P(K) value was 0.99 in both groups. CONCLUSIONS: The predicted C(e) value of propofol resulting in BIS = 50 was similar in adults and children aged 3-11 years. The predicted C(e) value of propofol producing hypnosis in adults also seems to be useful in this paediatric population.

Departamento de Anestesiologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Marcoleta 367, Santiago, Chile. hmunoz@med.puc.cl

Posted: 08/03/2006



This article provided by The International Hypnosis Research Institute.

Enter your email address to subscribe to the IHRI Newsletter.

Health & Wellbeing Wellbeing starts in the mind. Hypnosis is extremely effective at helping you build the basis of a healthy life because it works at the deep inner mind level to reprogram your mind to expect and welcome health into your life.

Comfortable Dentistry Overcome Your Fear Of Dentists.This hypnosis session will allow you to easily&calmly go to your dental appointments and relax.You will focus on your taking care of your teeth&find that negative associations with the dentists disappear.

Flying without Fear Flying Without Fear!Are you unable to fly because of aviophobia(fear of flying)?Using this preparatory hypnosis session before your flight will allow you to enjoy flying because hypnosis can easily reprogram your mind&you’ll be able to enjoy flying.