People falsely endorse semantic associates and morpheme rearrangements of studied words at high rates in recognition testing. The coexistence of these results is paradoxical: Models of reading that presume automatic extraction of meaning cannot account for elevated false memory for foils that are related to studied stimuli only by their visual form; models without such a process cannot account for false memory for semantic foils. Here we show how sentence and list study contexts encourage different encoding modes and consequently lead to different patterns of memory errors. Participants studied compound words, such as tailspin and floodgate, as single words or embedded in sentences. We show that sentence contexts led subjects to be better able to discriminate conjunction lures (e.g., tailgate) from old words than did list contexts. Conversely, list contexts led to superior discrimination of semantic lures (e.g., nosedive) from old words than did sentence contexts.

Mem Cognit. 2009 Jan;37(1):52-64. Matzen LE, Benjamin AS. University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Illinois, USA. lematze@sandia.gov

Posted: 05/04/2009



This article provided by The International Hypnosis Research Institute.

Enter your email address to subscribe to the IHRI Newsletter.

Dissolving Injections Fear Eliminate Injection Fear!If you are terrified of needles, then this session is for you.This hypnosis session is extremely effective by reprogramming your negative responses and teaching you how to control both your emotions and your body.

Embracing Heights Fear of heights is one of the most common phobias.Hypnosis is extremely effective in quickly eliminating this phobia.You’ll be able to confidently and safely be in situations involving heights!

Health & Wellbeing Wellbeing starts in the mind. Hypnosis is extremely effective at helping you build the basis of a healthy life because it works at the deep inner mind level to reprogram your mind to expect and welcome health into your life.